What is motivation and why it is important ?

Motivation 

c) Motivation is______________observable. 

d) Motives help in predicting________________. 

(2) Define motivation. 

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 

 KEY CONCEPTS OF MOTIVATION 

There are certain terms which you will commonly come across when you learn this lesson on motivation such as needs,goals, incentives etc. Let us understand some of these concepts. 

(a) Needs and Motives 

The needs is a condition of lack or deficit of something required by the organism.in order to maintain homeostasic or balance the organism finds it necessary to satisfy the needs. The needs are of different types. The need for food or water is a physiological need, which arises out of lack or deficit of food or water in the organism. The needs for excretion and urination are also physiological needs. They are due to the organism’s necessity to eliminate waste matter from the body. The need for contact with other persons is a social need. The other social needs includeneed for prestige, status affection, self-esteem, and so on, Aperson becomes more aware of his needs when they are not fulfilled. In other words. When you arehungry, you need food, and, when you are thirsty you need water. In these cases you are in a state of deprivation and your bodily system suffers from some kind of imbalance. 

The needs may be broadly categorised as, primary or physiological needs and secondary or social needs. Needs for food, water, sex,sleep and rest, and elimination are primary needs. Needs for achievement, affiliation, power are examples of social needs. 

The term’motive’refers to goal directed behaviour and energising conditions within the organism that drive behaviour. It is generally used to refer to certain conditions which, besides arousing,predispose a person to respond , or behave in a way appropriate to that motive. Motives direct the activity of the individual towards person’s goals. 

 MEANING OF MOTIVATION 

is not always directly observable. It is inferred and used to explain behaviour. When we ask ‘’ What motivates a person to do a particular task?’’ We usually mean why does she behave as she does,in other words , motivation, as populary used, refers to the cause or why of behaviour. 

lnterestingly, we are not aware of all our motives. Behaviour can be goverMotivation is one of the most frequently used words in psychology.lt refers to the factors which move or organism. We infer the presence of motivation when we see that people work toward certain goals. For example, we might observe that a student works hard at almost every task that comes to him /her; from this we infer that the person has motive to achieve. 

All human behaviour appears to arise in response to some from of internal (physiological)or external (environmental) stimulation.The behaviours, however, are not random. They often involve some purpose or goal. Lt is often held that behaviours take place as a result of the arousal of certain motives. Thus motivation can be defined as the process of activating, maintaining and directing behaviour towards a particular goal. The process is usually terminated once of desired goal is attained by the person. 

The process  of initiating action is technically called’motivation’. Directing behaviours towards certain goal is the essence of motivation. Motivation ned by unconscious motives too. If our understanding of motives is correct, we have a powerful tool for explaining behaviour. We explain our everyday behaviour in terms of various motives. 

Motives also help us make predictions about behaviour. We may tell what a person will do in future.Motives may not tell exactly what will happen but they give us an idea about the range of activites a person will do. Thus a person with a need to achieve in academics will work hard in school, an individual with a strong need to excel in sports will put in a lot of hard work in that field; similarly in business and in many other situations. 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 9.1 

(1) Fill in the blanks with correct alternative: 

a) The processof initiating______________ in the organism is called motivation. 

b) All intentional behaviours involve______________ 

_______________________________________________________________________PsychologY 

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